Glossary

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This is the glossary of TYPO3 related terms, a reference document

Please help us with new words. Thanks, DocTeam

It's in use by the stable Extension t3glossary what is available since TYPO3 4.0.0 . It interfaces with the inline manual in the TYPO3 Backend. The most words will go into version 0.2 of the glossary. See last published version Glossary/Version 0.1

it starts after the 4 minus-signs

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A

access restriction

In TYPO3 frontend, the term for protecting a part of a website with a username/password. More specifically access restriction can work on all database elements in TYPO3, not only pages. Access restriction of pages in TYPO3 provides the means to create intra- and extranets.

More info: doc_tut_quickstart section How to create access restricted page
Other matching terms: access restricted, password protected pages

active state

For website navigation (menu items), active state is when the menu item represents a page that is found in the path (or rootline) of the users current position on the website. Not to be mistaken for current state or CSS a:active. For instance if a user is at "[Home] > [Contact] > [Email addresses]" then [Home] and [Contact] will be in active state while [Email addresses] will be in current state. Practically you can define how a menu item should be rendered differently in active and current state so that the users position on a website becomes visually clear from the menu.

More info: TypoScript reference section Common_item_states
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admin panel

The admin panel is a very important and often underestimated tool. It is useful to:

• control the HTML-output of TS objects
• publish pages or branches of your website as static pages
• control the frontend editing interface for users
• control the caching behaviour of pages or branches of your website
• show information about the current page

More info: Typoscript configuration section ->ADMPANEL
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admin user

A user having all possible privileges in the backend.

More info:
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administration interface

An alternative term for the backend.

More info:
Other matching terms: backend

administrator

In TYPO3 it is a person responsible for maintaining the website(s) and the installation.

More info:
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alias

Every page can be given an alias. It is a unique identification string which can be used as an alternative to the page's UID. The alias field can be found in the page header, by checkmarking the "Show secondary options" checkbox. The length is by default 20 characters. If you are using the simulateStaticDocuments option to include the names of pages in TYPO3 URLs, alias will override the page title, allowing you to have one title in menus and at the top of the web page, and a different title in the URL.

More info:
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Alternative backend

The name Alternative backend (AB) was coined with version 3.3b1 of TYPO3. Back then the Alternative backend was an 80% effective alternative to the Classic backend (CB) which has been the trademark of TYPO3 since the dawn of times. However the Alternative backend denoted a transition which had to be made. And with the final TYPO3 3.0 version the Alternative backend is the new standard. It has finally become the Absolute backend!

More info: http://typo3.org/documentation/articles/classic-or-alternative/
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Apache

The most popular open source HTTP web server for Unix platforms (BSD, Linux, and UNIX systems), Microsoft Windows and other platforms.

More info: Apache HTTP Server Project
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API

The TYPO3 API (application programming interface) provides a set of commonly-used functions. Extension programmers can make use of the functionality of the API, so they don't have to program everything from scratch. The API is an abstraction layer.

More info:
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attribute

An attribute is a part of a HTML tag describing it's properties. These properties may be visible like e.g. text color or the text shown by a text input element but attributes may also describe invisible properties like a name or id (identifier) of a HTML tag. Attributes are also used in Typoscript; The "sub-values" of Typoscript objects are commonly referred to as attributes.

More info:
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available extensions

This view in the Extension Manager shows the list of extensions that are located on the webserver. An icon marks the status: installed ("-", green) or not installed (" ", red).

More info:
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B

backend

TYPO3 is divided into two areas - the backend and the frontend. All the administration of the website is done in the backend, this means only you and your content contributers are allowed access to the backend. A username and password is always required.

More info: T3Doc/doc tut quickstart section backend and frontend
Other matching terms: BE

backend editor configuration

Generally a configuration in Typoscript syntax that can determine behaviour of the backend interface, eg. an editor. Specifically used for a stylesheet editor where the configuration was the basis for the style options given by the editor. The concept is considered obsolete.

More info:
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backend login

This may refer two one of two things. First, it may refer to the backend login credentials, i.e. username and password needed to log in to the backend. Second it may refer to the login form that allows one to enter the backend of TYPO3. This can usually be located at the address of your website by appending "typo3/" to the URL. There you can login as a backend user.

More info:
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backend user

User being able to login to the backend interface of TYPO3. This usually implies editor capabilities, i.e. the permission to change website content through the backend. A backend user may have restricted permissions, though, e.g. he may only be allowed to access visitor statistics.

More info:
Other matching terms: BE user

backend usergroup

A backend usergroup is used to group backend users together. It allows to set access permissions to the page tree (by means of DB mounts), the file system (by means of file mounts) and the other options the backend of TYPO3 offers. To get access to the full range of settings, make sure to enable the use of ACL (access control lists) when creating a backend usergroup.

More info:
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Basis template

A Basis template is any Typoscript template you create (ie not a Static template) and then include in another Typoscript template. In other words: create template A, save it in a page/folder, create template B, scroll the new template form down to "Include basis template", then click on the folder icon and find template A. This will cause template A be included in template B when B is parsed. You may include more than one basis template, giving you the possibility to have a master template that includes different subtemplates.

More info: TypoScript by example section Include Basis template
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branch

A branch is a part of a tree. In TYPO3 this is usually the page tree. Each page represents a node where the tree can be split up in different branches by filling in additional subpages. It's very important to keep this picture in mind when using things like "leveluid"where Typoscript reference is speaking of "from behind" for negative values (which means "backwards from the branch to the root") and "outermost level"(which means "the place in the branch where I currently am").

More info: About forking (software) on Wikipedia
Other matching terms: fork

C

cache

The TYPO3 website cache stores parts of the website (pages, generated or changed images, and other data) in special files and cache tables in the database. It's faster to retrieve pages or data from the cache than it is to build the pages or data from scratch. This speeds up the access time for the website substantially.

More info:
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Cascading Style Sheets

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a system for formatting HTML web pages. When the Cascading Style Sheets are seperated from the HTML being formatted (in separate files or placed in the header section of the HTML text), they effectively separate the document content/structure from the document presentation. Other advantages include great flexibility in layout and the use of CSS improves the readability of HTML code.

More info: W3C style sheet pages
Other matching terms: CSS

children

Used in context of the page tree, it's a common term in computer-science, when talking about any kind of tree. Every page (except the rootpage) has got exactly one parent and to these parents all direct sub pages are children. In TYPO3 this means that each record or content element is a child of exactly one folder. The parent's uid (unique identifier) will be automatically inserted as the child's pid (parent identifier).

More info:
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class

In webtechnology a class refers to a property of an HTML-element. Classes on HTML-elements are mainly used to layout a website using CSS.
In object-oriented programming, a class consists of encapsulated instance variables and subprograms (methods). A class describes the rules by which objects behave; these objects are referred to as "instances" of that class. A class specifies the structure of data which each instance contains as well as the methods (functions) which manipulate the data of the object; such methods are sometimes described as "behavior".

More info: About classes on Wikipedia
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Classic backend

The Classic backend was the only backend interface up to version 3.0 of TYPO3. It had a true multidocument interface, designed to minimize data transfer to the server. However the concept was a monster with 6000 lines of JavaScript involved. The Alternative backend that has superseded the Classic backend is now the standard interface to TYPO3.

More info: http://typo3.org/documentation/articles/classic-or-alternative/
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clear cache

After making changes to a page you may need to clear the cache in order to see the changes in the frontend. This happens because TYPO3 may have saved the old version of the page in the cache. You clear a page from the cache by clicking on the "Clear All Cache" link in the backend, or by checking the "No cache" box in the page header form, or by checking the "No caching" box in the Admin Panel.

More info:
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clear flag

Used in template records. There are two clear flags: The "Clear constants" and "Clear setup" flags. It means that no Typoscript configuration code is inherited from template records earlier in the tree (closer to the root), if there are any. These flags should always be set for template records serving as main templates (rootlevel).

More info:
Other matching terms: clear constants, clear setup

click-enlarge

Option making it possible to click on an image to see an enlarged version in a popup window.

More info:
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clipboard

A temporary storage space used when you copy or cut information. To view the clipboard in the backend click on "List" in the left hand column then checkmark the "Show clipboard" box on the right.

More info:
Other matching terms: clip board

condition

In Typoscript conditions is a simple kind of control structure, that validates true or false based on some criteria. The outcome of the validation determines if the following Typoscript code should be parsed, or not.

More info: TypoScript Templates section Conditions
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Constant editor

A view in the template module which provides easy access through form fields to Typoscript constants. Is designed to allow less technical developers to customize Standard templates (or template records which carries meta-information for constants included). Is provided by the extension "tstemplate_ceditor"

More info:
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constants

In programming language some data cannot be altered. They are constants. In PHP constants are identifiers which contain a value that can't be modified after it has been setup. Constants are not prefixed by $ sign and are set by the PHP function define(). In TYPO3 a constant is a predefined TypoScript variable that can be reused in Typoscript setup and/or PHP functions. Constants can be set manually or via the constant editor. Imagine lots of color values in a larger Typoscript setup that are all the same. Instead of writing the value itself a constant is inserted, giving the user the possibility to change these values by only changing the constant value.

More info: PHP define function
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content (default)

A Static template that contains predefined Typoscript objects for rendering the content elements on a page.

More info:
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content column

Content elements are organized in (by default 4) content columns. These columns, however, just represent four configurable placeholders for the content in the frontend. It is possible to add more content columns and to use TemplaVoila to get around the column-limitation.

More info:
Other matching terms: column

content element

Content elements are objects in the backend which cause content to be displayed on the frontend web pages. A page can contain one or more content elements. The information which a content element displays might be text, images, music, video, raw HTML, log in forms or email forms or whatever. Sometimes the content element contains information to be displayed and sometimes it refers to other information records, which are also contained by pages. Certain functions are available to every content element, for example they can be hidden by certain criteria such as time, accessgroups etc, the order of appearance on the web page can be manipulated and a few other things.

More info:
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content element type

The type of a content element decides which content the element may contain and offers different ways of presentation of this content. Common content element types are: image, text, text with image, plugin, etc.

More info:
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Content Management Framework

TYPO3 has an open API which allows you to extend TYPO3 in many different directions to tailor it to a particular need. Essentially it is this ability which means that it is more than just a content management system, it is a Content Management Framework (CMF).

More info:
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Content Management System

A Content Management System (CMS) is software, usually a database application, that makes it easy to create and maintain content based publications (such as websites, magazines and newspapers) and to manage publishing formats associated with them.

More info:
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content object

A category of Typoscript objects designed to generate and display content. Content objects (cObjects) are what makes Typoscript spin around.

More info: Typoscript Reference section PHP-information, TypoScript by example section Introduction
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content object array

In Typoscript a content object used for configuring an array of content objects. For example, a 'text with image' content element on a page might be configured in Typoscript as an array of three content objects: a title, an image, and some text.

More info:
Other matching terms: COA

context sensitive editing

Editing of content at the place it is presented. Also known as "frontend editing". In TYPO3 this is typically implemented as a little pencil-icon shown close to the headline, text, image etc. that the user wants to edit. A click on the icon will bring up a formular where the content can be edited and saved right away. The concept represents a high degree of usability since it is based on intuition while it also introduces some limitations compared to regular backend editing.

More info:
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Context Sensitive Help

Context Sensitive Help (CSH) is a help feature that changes depending on what you are doing in a program. In the TYPO3 backend there are small question mark icons beside form fields. Clicking on one of these icons will open a popup window containing information about the field. The CSH system reads PHP and XML files which contain form field explainations and word definitions. It reads them from the context_help system extension and other extensions. It stOres the definitions in a nested associative array called $TCA_DESCR similar to $TSFE (where Typoscript configuration is stOred).

More info: Inside TYPO3 section CSH
Other matching terms: CSH

context sensitive menu

A menu which appears in response to a user action (typically a mouse click) and whose contents are determined by which application window was clicked or has the input focus. The context-sensitive menu provides quick access to a subset of functions that are particularly relevant to the window area clicked on.

More info:
Other matching terms: clickmenu, context menu

control element

An element which has a controlling function. An example is a domain or Typoscript template record. Domain records control by their position in the page tree where the entry point for a certain domain name will be. A Typoscript record controls the frontend behaviour of the page tree from the point where it is positioned.

More info:
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cookies

An HTTP cookie (usually called simply a cookie) is a packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then sent back by the browser each time it accesses that server. Cookies can contain any arbitrary information the server chooses and are used to maintain state between otherwise stateless HTTP transactions. Typically this is used to authenticate or identify a registered user of a web site as part of their first login process or initial site registration without requiring them to sign in again every time they access that site. Other uses are maintaining a "shopping basket" of goods selected for purchase during a session at a site, site personalisation (presenting different pages to different users), and tracking a particular user's access to a site.

More info: Wikipedia about cookies
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copy

To reproduce information or an object by placing it into the clipboard. The original content stays in place when pasted from the clipboard.

More info:
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core

The core system of TYPO3 (tslib, t3lib, sysext)

More info:
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cut

The transfer of information (or objects) to the clipboard, from where it can be pasted into different locations. The original content is removed and remains in the clipboard only.

More info:
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D

database

A collection of organized information, stored in one location in a digital format.

More info: Wikipedia about Database
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database dump

File storing the contents of a database at a certain time, it's a kind of snapshot of the database.

More info:
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DB mount

A DB mount (database mount) points to the page in the whole page tree which you want to become the root page in the page tree the user should see. It is used to give a specific user access to only a part of the page tree.

More info:
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debug()

A TYPO3 API function which is used by developers to show the state of variables, etc at a point in time. The output of this function is shown on the webpage.

More info:
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declarational configuration language

Typoscript is a declarational configuration language. It creates an information hierarchy used internally to instruct the template engine what to do and in which order - much like the registry does in Windows.

More info:
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developer

A developer is someone who writes code for a computer to understand. In the context of TYPO3 he would be either contributing code to the TYPO3 core or writing an extension to enhance the functionality of TYPO3 in some way.

More info:
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direct mail

Mail sent to large numbers of potential customers advertising a product, service or containing other information. In TYPO3 this is done by using a plugin that can create mails based on TYPO3 pages, determine which parts of the page should be sent to the user and then send personalised mails to each user of a specific recipient list. If the mail is containing links, clicks on these links can be tracked and used for statistics.

More info:
Other matching terms: D-mail, Direct mailer

directory structure

You are organising your files in folders or so called directories. The directory structure is the directory tree showing the positions of each directory.

More info:
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document

In TYPO3, a general expression for the form page used to edit any database element in the system.

More info:
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doktype

This is a field in the pages table. In the page header form it is called "Type:" and is more commonly known as the page type. It controls what the page does and how it looks. It can take on values such as "Standard", "Not in Menu", "sysFolder", "Spacer", etc. Extensions can add additional doktypes.

More info:
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domain record

A type of record in the backend which includes a domain name (it represents a row in the table "sys_domain"). The record is contained by a page in the page tree, thereby indicating the entry point for HTTP requests to that domain. Used to support the multi-site feature of TYPO3. The TYPO3 equivalent to "virtual hosts" in Apache.

More info:
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dynamic content

Often used about content that is selected from a database and formatted by a template when the website user requests it. This is what many CMS do and that is opposite to having a website based on static HTML files. However dynamic in this sense does not mean that the content changes all the time. Dynamic content can also mean that the content is constantly changing/updated. For instance the current time, a chat forum or stock rates.

More info:
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E

edit icon

The edit icon (a small pencil) can be seen on various places in the backend. Clicking on it opens the form for modifying the associated content element. When using frontend editing the edit icon appears beside content elements the logged in backend user is permitted to work on. By clicking on the edit icon the form for modifying the content is shown (either in the page or in a popup window, depending on configuration).

More info: Tips and tricks about frontend editing
Other matching terms: editicon

edit panel

A text field where you can write and change a text and might use nearly all of your keyboard functions.

More info:
Other matching terms: Edit Panels

element browser

The element browser allows you to browse through pages, the file system or elements inserted on pages. It's being used to select elements, place links or integrate files.

More info: The Element Browser
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enableFields

enableFields are fields in a table which holds the value for either hidden/visible, start time, end time or user group access. The fields are pointed to by an entry in the "ctrl" section for tables in $TCA.

More info: Modern Template Building, Part 2 3 section The Theory of "enableFields"
Other matching terms: visibility settings

extension

A TYPO3 extension is a piece of code adding a certain functionality to TYPO3 without changing the original TYPO3 code ("core"). Extensions can be downloaded from the TER or loaded by hand by copying directly into typo3conf/ext/. They can be either plug-ins or modules. Plug-ins are such extensions that produce frontend material visible on the TYPO3 generated website (for example the News extension), modules are extensions that provide backend functionality (for example the Directmail or PhpMyAdmin extensions). There are also three types of extensions. Global extensions are standard with every TYPO3 installation and reside in the typo3/ext/ directory. Local extensions are loaded in the typo3conf/ext/ directory. If a local extension and a global extension have the same name the local overrides the global one. If you modify a global extension it's best to first copy it into the local extensions directory. There are also some system extensions located in typo3/sysCUT_THISext/.

More info: Inside TYPO3 section Extensions, Search the Extension Repository, Basic Extension Tutorial
Other matching terms: global extension, local extension, system extension, plugin

extension key

Each extension can be identified by a unique extension key.

More info:
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Extension manager

The Extension manager (EM) is a module in the TYPO3 backend, used for management of extensions. Use it to load extensions from the TYPO3 extension repository (TER), install and uninstall loaded extensions, edit extensions, and delete them.

More info:
Other matching terms: EM

ext_localconf.php

This file, if found, contains additional configuration of $TYPO3_CONF_VARS and other PHP class files for the relevant extension.

More info: TYPO3 Core APIs document
Other matching terms: localconf

ext_tables.php

If this file exists in an extension's root directory it adds configuration information about the tables, modules, backend styles, etc. of the extension. It may be used to modify the table configuration array (TCA) values of any table.

More info: TYPO3 Core API's document
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F

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions, list of most common questions and the accompanying answers. You should look at these questions/answers before you ask one yourself.

More info:
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field

a) An input control (like a text box or drop down box) in an HTML form.
b) A column in a database table. The nomenclature for relational databases has changed in recent years with the advent of SQL. What used to be called database "files", "records" and "fields" are now called "tables", "rows" and "columns". The TYPO3 documentation uses the terms "tables", "records" and "fields".
c) In Typoscript field refers a stdWrap function (see stdWrap) which returns one of the values in the associated array $cObj->data (which usually contains the record in the page table of the page currently being rendered).

More info:
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mine putsi

FreeType

FreeType is a software font engine which, in TYPO3, is used in conjunction with the GDLib library to render text on images and creating items such as icons and menu items.

More info: FreeType website
Other matching terms: GDLib

frontend

The frontend is the website that TYPO3 generates for you. This is what your visitors will see.

More info:
Other matching terms: FE, web page

frontend editing

Frontend editing allows you to edit your website content from the frontend. You have to be logged in as a backend user for edit icons to appear by each piece of content, clicking these will open a form to edit that information.

More info: Frontend editing
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frontend user

A frontend user can log into the website. They cannot change content (this is for backend users only). Frontend users exist because we can restrict access to information on the website to specific frontend users.

More info:
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ftpspace

Webspace on a server accessible via File Transfer Protocol (ftp).

More info:
Other matching terms: FTP space

function

A named piece of code which returns a value. It is executed from other code giving its name and function parameters.

More info:
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function menu

The selector-box found in the upper right corner of many backend modules. The selector box represents a menu by which the user chooses the specific function of the module in case a module represents a framework for a number of related functionalities.

More info:
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G

GDlib

GDLib is used for drawing boxes and rendering text on images with TrueType fonts. It is also used for creating menu items in GMENU and GMENU_LAYERS. You will need to have GDLib compiled into the version of PHP you are using. If you want TrueType font support, you must also have FreeType compiled in.

More info:
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General Record Storage page

For a branch of the page tree this is a page appointed to contain database elements of a general purpose for the site (opposite to eg. content elements specific for a single page). For instance this could be frontend users or an archive of news elements. The General Record Storage page is the suggested method of defining such an archive page but it depends on support from the extensions used on the site. A General Record Storage page is usually a sysFolder found on the root level of a website.

More info:
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generate

In a CMS, to generate a page, image, menu etc. is to create it from some data source. Another word used for the same is "render".

More info:
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GET method

The GET method is the regular way to request a webpage from a webserver. There is a possiblity to add some information to a GET request, which the page you just look at is also using. Within the browser you see this information in the adress field. If you got a "?" or a "&" character there, followed by a name, a "=" character and the value to submit, this value will be added to the GET request. The most common GET request within TYPO3 looks like "index.php?id=10". This request calls the "index.php" script and passes the value "10" named "id" to the script.

More info:
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GIFBUILDER

An ImageMagick-based Typoscript object, that allows you to comfortably generate and compose images and text, using the simple syntax of Typoscript while having access to the possibilities ImageMagick offers.

More info:
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GIFBUILDERobj

The type of graphical element used to compose a GIF, JPG or PNG file in TYPO3, using the GIFBUILDER method. It could be of the type TEXT which can print a text string onto the image using a truetype font. Or it could be the IMAGE type which will overlay an image at a certain coordinate. There are also effects, scaling, cropping and other useful things you might want to do with your images. Notice that the word GIF used in GIFBUILDER is a heritage from the past where only gif files could be produced with TYPO3 (today PNG and JPG are also an option).

More info:
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global

Mostly in connection with extensions, those can either be installed global (typo3/ext) or local (typo3conf/ext).

More info:
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GNU

GNU is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix". It is pronounced "guh-noo".

More info: GNU Project Homepage
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GPL

GPL stands for General Public Licence. It is the software licence that TYPO3 uses. You can find out more from the Free Software Foundation website

More info: Free Software Foundation
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H

hard code

In programming, that a certain value is inserted directly in the programming code instead of being selected from some external data source.

More info:
Other matching terms: hardcode, hardcoding

hide

In TYPO3, pages, content elements or records can be marked hidden to the frontend output.

More info:
Other matching terms: hide in menu

hierarchy

The hierarchy is a system to organize items into collections and give them a hierarchy number. The hierarchy on computer systems is the same like it is with people in a company. One person on a higher hiearchy position has a couple of people under him with a lower hiearchy number.

More info:
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HMENU

A Typoscript cObject; Renders a dynamic menu for the website based on the page tree hierarchy.

More info: Typoscript reference section HMENU
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hosting

The service which includes the running of a web server and server applications and connecting it to the internet.

More info:
Other matching terms: hoster, web server

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language, a subset of SGML, is a kind of simple programming language for creating web pages.

More info:
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HTML template

In TYPO3 an HTML template is a text file containing HTML and TYPO3 markers. Portions of the HTML template are extracted, text is substituted for the markers, and the result is output to web pages. HTML templates are a part of TYPO3's internal templating system.

More info:
Other matching terms: template

I

id

Id is the abbreviation of "identifier". It's a single string (often a unique integer number) which serves as a name for something. In TYPO3 each page has got a unique number assigned to it (uid = unique id, not to be mistaken for pid = parent id) which is it's identifier. Often you will see URLs like http://www.anydomain.com/index.php?id=123 In this case "123" would be the identifier of a certain page. Identifiers are used in TYPO3 to distinguish between different objects (pages, content elements, etc.) which may have the same name - like two pages named 'My diary'.

More info:
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image block

Set of images created with the content element image or text/image (IMGTEXT).

More info:
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ImageMagick

ImageMagick is a collection of tools and libraries to read, write and manipulate images in over 90 major formats including TIFF, JPEG, PNG, PDF and GIF. With ImageMagick you can create images dynamically and also resize, rotate, sharpen, color reduce, or add special effects to an image or image sequence and save your completed work in the same or differing image format. A 2D renderer is also included, which provides a subset of SVG capabilities.

More info:
Other matching terms: image processing

imgResource

Typoscript content object containing a reference to an image file, i.e. the path and filename.

More info: Typoscript Reference (TSref) section imgResource
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import

The import is a mechanism used to input many data into the TYPO3 using a batch process. The import feature allow you to exchange any kind of TYPO3 data, for example a page tree, with an other TYPO3 installation or within the same installation. Import is also used with stdWrap to get i.e. an image from the filesystem instead of creating it dynamically.

More info:
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information hierarchy

The organisation and structure of the computer data.

More info:
Other matching terms: hiearchy

insert plugin

Most plugins can be inserted in two ways, either via site-Typoscript or by inserting it as a content element into a concrete page.

More info:
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Install tool

A graphical user interface to configure TYPO3 system settings. These settings are being stored in the file "typo3conf/localconf.php".

More info:
Other matching terms: localconf

installation

The process to copy the files of TYPO3 to your webserver and to make the basic configuration steps. Only after a successful installation you will be able to start with TYPO3.

More info:
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installed extensions

Extensions that are ready to be used in your TYPO3 installation. They are located in the local (typo3conf/ext) or in the global (typo3/ext) extension directory. There are also a system (typo3/sysext) extensions directory.

More info:
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integration

Integration means you integrate foreign PHP-applications into TYPO3. For example a discussion forum as a frontend plugin or the database frontend phpMyAdmin as a backend module.

More info:
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J

jumpUrl

A method that the typolink function of the frontend can use when linking to external URLs or local files (for secure downloads). Basically links using the jumpUrl feature will link to the current page with the GET variable "&jumpUrl=[URL or file reference]". When the link is clicked and reaches the server TYPO3 will redirect to the URL or document while still registering in the statistics that the link was clicked.

More info: Typoscript reference (TSref) section filelink
Other matching terms:

K

kickstarter wizard

Wizard interface for "kickstarting" new extension development. A handy tool for creating a framework for new extensions.

More info:
Other matching terms: kickstarter

L

LAMP

LAMP is an acronym for a set of free software programs commonly used together to run dynamic Web sites: Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP.

More info:
Other matching terms: WAMP

languagesplit

Obsolete way of localizing backend labels using a token to split a string into localizations. Basically a string being "languagesplitted" could look like "Cat|Kat|Katze|..." where each part corresponds to the position of the language key found in the constant "TYPO3_languages" (in this case "default|dk|de|..."). This concept is obsolete and instead the locallang concept should be used.

More info: Inside TYPO3 section "language-splitted" syntax
Other matching terms: languagesplitted, language splitted

level

Mostly used in context of the pagetree. There are two ways to talk of levels:
a) level means the "depth" in the pagetree, the shortest path from the rootpage to the page talked about. If page talked about is the n-th page in the path, so it is on level n
b) level is also used when applying functions onto a page recursivly (and so also onto its subpages), in this context the given level means that the last page affected by the function will have n-1 children between itself and the page the function is applied to.

More info:
Other matching terms: levels

license

The legal rights under which the software has been published. The TYPO3 core and most of the extensions are is published under the GPL license. Commercial software usually have licences based on users, processors, etc.

More info: The GNU GPL license
Other matching terms: violation, GNU GPL

List module

The List module is a backend-module used to manage both pages, page content elements, template records, domain records, users and groups, guestbook items and whatever elements TYPO3 is capable of managing In other weords it allows graphical access to all of TYPO3's different types of database records. The List module permits such operations as the editing, copying, pasting, and moving of individual database records, and also provides an overview of all database content associated with a particular page.

More info: Getting Started section The List module and Clipboard
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LLL

Abbreviation for Local Language Label

loaded extensions

Extensions which are installed and currently running in the current TYPO3-instance.

More info:
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localconf

Refers to the file "typo3conf/localconf.php" where most of the global configuration values are set for a specific TYPO3 website. Inside that file the database connection information is found, configuration of installed extensions, values in the $TYPO3_CONF_VARS array etc.

More info: T3Doc/Inside TYPO3 section localconf.php and $TYPO3_CONF_VARS, TYPO3 Core APIs section ext_tables.php and ext_localconf.php
Other matching terms: install tool, ext_tables.php, ext_localconf.php

locallang

Refers to the primary localization concept in TYPO3 where a PHP file or XML file (preferred) contains localizations of backend or frontend text labels. A locallang file is normally a collection of labels relevant in the same context, for example a backend module or a database table. The localizations are added to the locallang files through web interfaces. The PHP version uses the interface on typo3.org where uploaded extensions are automatically subjected to translation. The XML version uses a TYPO3 extension that allows localization to happen on all installed extensions.

A typical language file can look like this:

$LOCAL_LANG = Array (
	"default" => Array (
		"username" => "User Name:",
		"password" => "User Name:",
	),
	"nl" => Array (
		"username" => "Gebruikers Naam:",
		"password" => "Wachtwoord:",
	),
)

More info: Inside TYPO3
Other matching terms: local_lang

M

mailing list

The various mailing lists represent the "nerve system" of the TYPO3 community. Discussion, information and helping others are the main ingredients of these lists. The mailing list can be accessed via mail (the traditional way) or as newsgroups, readable in common newsreaders. (Some are available as mailing lists only for security reasons).

More info: typo3.org - Mailinglists, netfielders.de - Listinfo
Other matching terms:

main module

The "first level" in the menu of the TYPO3 backend. Examples are the Web, File, User, Doc, Tools and Help main modules that most TYPO3 users know. However, they are usually only representing submodules (eg. "Web > List" or "Tools > Ext. Manager") but can also be an active module in themselves (like Doc is).

More info:
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markers

A marker defines a certain place in an HTML template where dynamic content can be inserted. In TYPO3, all markers look like ###SOMEWORD### . Using the TYPO3 templating utilities you can: substitute text for a marker, extract the text between two markers, substitute the text between two markers, or wrap the text between two markers.

More info:
Other matching terms: subpart marker

mentor

The mentor is a teacher who gives you the information and points you out the right way.

More info:
Other matching terms: mentors

menu

On a website, a set of links systematically organized for navigation and typically displayed on all pages on the site. Often a menu reflects the idea of sections and/or a hierarchy of pages on a website.

More info: [extUid=491&tx_extrepmgm_pi1[tocEl]=1335&cHash=bf3aaf4a9a Explanation of page tree and menus ]
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menu item

A single element in a menu.

More info:
Other matching terms: menu items

MENU object

In Typoscript templates, an object which defines how a menu level of the parent HMENU cObject is rendered.

More info: [extUid=270&tx_extrepmgm_pi1[tocEl]=381&cHash=57589a8079__Creating menus Menu objects in Typoscript reference ]
Other matching terms: MENU objects

module

Also known as backend modules, they are extensions (plugins) for the backend. They provide some specific functionality to the TYPO3 backend. Examples of common modules are Page, List, Info, Access, Filelist and Images.

More info: Inside TYPO3 section Backend interface
Other matching terms: backend modules

multi site

Having multiple web sites in the same database and TYPO3 installation. The sites hosted that way can be completely different and not related. The admin has access to all sites but group of users can be setup to belong to each site separately.

More info: Getting Started section Controlling multiple domains
Other matching terms: multi-site, multisite

MySQL

A very popular SQL database system, which is used in many open source projects for data storage, for example in TYPO3. It has a dual licensing scheme, offering licensing under GPL or under a commercial license.

More info: MySQL website
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N

namespace

Namespaces allow developers to uniquely qualify element names and relationships to make these names recognizable. This can avoid name collisions on elements that have the same name, but are defined in different vocabularies.

More info: Wikipedia about namespace
Other matching terms: name space

navigation

This is the name for the user actions to click through the entry tree of a menu or the links a HTML website. It is the same as surfing on the internet.

More info:
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newbie

The informal term newbie means a newcomer to a particular corner of cyberspace, such as a wiki, newsgroup, the World Wide Web itself or to an operating system. The word itself is likely a corruption of new boy, the equivalent figure in real life - usually observed as a new arrival in a school and who is, therefore, vulnerable to bullying of various kinds

More info:
Other matching terms: newbee

niceText

A Typoscript option which is used to make text generated by FreeType/GDLib look nicer. It takes more CPU to do this but it usually gives a better result.

More info: TypoScript by example section .niceText
Other matching terms:

normal state

For website navigation (menu items), normal state is the default state of a menu item. Other possible states are "active", "current", "roll over", "ifsub", "user" etc or combinations of them. The state of a menu item typically depends on the website users position on the website or whether they move their mouse over the menu item or not. When you define how a menu item looks, you always define the normal state of the item. Then optionally you can also define how the menu item should look differently if some of the other possible states should occur.

More info: [extUid=270&tx_extrepmgm_pi1[tocEl]=382&cHash=b13af36f98__ Item states described in Typoscript reference ]
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no_cache

Option that tells TYPO3 not to cache this content element.

More info:
Other matching terms: cache